Impact

Project’s pathways towards impact

Emission reduction per kg of biofuel produced: 71-94%

Carbon capture and utilization in biofuels production line per 100 kg feedstock:

  • ✓ FPs 1, 2, 3, and 5: 2-8 kg carbon captured and utilized
  • ✓ FP4: 23 kg carbon captured and stored (biochar as the main carbon-based product)

Bioenergy efficiency improvements (expressed as energy content per unit of input (ΒΕ1) or content per content in initial feedstock (ΒΕ2)):

  • ✓ FP1: 7% BE1, 22% BE2
  • ✓ FP2: 63% BE1, 65% BE2
  • ✓ FP3: 64% BE1
  • ✓ FP4: 23% BE1, 20% BE2
  • ✓ FP5: 15% BE1, 16% BE2

Energy-positive and carbon-negative processes due to renewable energy usage (values above 100%)

Increased biomass resource utilization in the biofuels value chain: 5.2-22.01%

  Indicator Equation Reference values and assumptions
(a) CO2 emissions (S/I) kg CO2 emissions kg biofuel produced
(b) C captured/

utilised (CC)

 kg C captured kg initial feedstock
(c1) Bioenergy efficiency 1 (%BE1) Methane=55MJ/kg=15,27kWh/kg

Ethanol=25MJ/kg=6,94kWh/kg

Biodiesel=37,65MJ/kg=10,46Kwh/kg

H2=120-142MJ/kg=36kWh/kg

Input energy: any kind of energy electricity, biomass, heat
(c2) Bioenergy

efficiency 2 (%BE2)

 LHV wet manure = 1,87kWh/kg

LHV food waste=5,42kWh/kg (d.b.)
(d) Biomass resource

utilization (%BR)

 Products are considered both energy products (biofuels) and material products (e.g., digestate)
  • CRONUS contributes to the development of standards for CO2-derived products, promoting their market development at the European and international levels.
  • By implementing a stakeholder engagement approach, CRONUS addresses societal challenges by incorporating social values and concerns into the technology development process.
  • The project aims to increase public acceptance and awareness of biofuel technologies, identifying and communicating their advantages to the general population.
  • CRONUS seeks financing schemes to make its solutions more attractive and cost-effective, overcoming economic challenges and fostering sustainable biofuel transition.
  • Through targeted policy briefs and active involvement of key policy actors, CRONUS aims to influence policy landscapes and secure political support for biofuel technologies at the local scale.
  • The project’s impact extends beyond technological advancements, as it strives to shape a sustainable energy landscape with the broad adoption of carbon negative biofuels.