Biogenic gasses are those resulting from the decomposition, digestion, fermentation or combustion of biomass or biomass-derived products. They include oxygen (O₂), nitrogen (N₂), water vapor (H₂O), carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH₄), ozone (O₃), nitrogen dioxide (NO), nitric acid (HNO₃), ammonia (NH₃) and ammonium ions (NH₄⁺), nitrous oxide (N₂O), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), carbonyl sulfide (COS), dimethyl sulfide (C₂H₆S), and a complex array of non-methane hydrocarbons. Which are present in the atmosphere and most of them considered greenhouse gasses (GHGs), but nitrogen and oxygen.

Biogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) is that resulting from the decomposition, digestion, fermentation or combustion of biomass or biomass-derived products. It is part of the short carbon cycle, which entails no accumulation of CO₂ in the atmosphere. Examples include CO2 released during the combustion of wood and biogas generated by decomposition.

Unlike CO₂ from fossil fuels, biogenic CO₂ is not considered a GHG emission if it is from a sustainable source. Biomass sequesters carbon as it grows, and the CO₂ released by combustion can be re-sequestered in the growing biomass. However, carbon sequestration takes time, so even with biogenic CO₂ , emissions and sequestration must be in balance.

The short carbon cycle operates over a relatively short period of time, one to few hundreds of years. It recycles carbon between the atmosphere, land and ocean. It refers to the movement of CO₂ taken up from the air by living organisms such as plants or bacteria. These organisms convert CO₂ into glucose through photosynthesis, to energize grow and the metabolism of the organism. If these organisms die and/or burn, the stored carbon is released back into the atmosphere.

It is a set of technologies and processes aimed at capturing, transporting, and using or permanently storing CO₂ that would otherwise be emitted into the atmosphere.

CO₂ can be captured directly from the atmosphere (DACCS direct air capture with carbon storage) or from the combustion or fermentation of biogenic CO₂ (BECCS bioenergy with carbon storage). The captured carbon is then either stored (e.g., underground, in biochar) or used for the production of synthetic materials (fuels, chemicals, building materials).

It involves producing, collecting, storing, and transporting biomass feedstock to a biorefinery,  converting the biomass to biofuel at the biorefinery; transporting and distributing biofuels to end-users, and using the fuel.